Simple & Risk Free? Hardly.
Plan participants have flocked to Stable Value programs to the tune of $700+ billion. As the name implies, and most investors believe, these programs are touted as safe investment options for plan participants. Maybe yes, maybe no.
Offering investment yields greater than money market funds, without the volatility of bond funds, Stable Value programs are hybrid investment and insurance products. An investment manager manages the underlying cash portfolio, and an insurance company or bank then guarantees (or wraps) the book value of the program. In essence, the value of the fund is not suppose to go below $1/share.
Hybrid products, however, offer complexity, and complexity presents risks.
In the current low interest rate environment, unique risks confront plan fiduciaries.
To date, stable value plans have generated a higher investment return than money market funds because they can invest in securities with longer durations, paying higher interest rates. When interest rates turn higher, however, this benefit becomes a drag. Money market funds are more nimble and can take advantage of the higher rates in a rising rate environment.
Since most Stable Value funds are “marketed” as higher return investment options, plan participants will be very surprised to learn that their Stable Value options may be paying returns less than money market funds. Employees must be educated on the true risks and mechanics of Stable Value Funds. Failure to educate employees properly can bring sizable fiduciary risks on the plan sponsor.
With interest rates so low, Fiduciaries must not only monitor an upturn in rates, but they must also track withdrawals from Stable Value programs. If interest rates do not increase, participants undoubtedly will begin switching into investment options generating higher returns. Whether this makes investment sense is irrelevant.
The wrap contracts (which guarantee the value of the stable value program) often contain covenants that require the Program to maintain a minimum number of participants or assets in the Program. Falling below this threshold constitutes a breach of the wrap agreement, and would allow an insurance company to walk away from the guarantee. This is a total disaster from the perspective of the plan fiduciaries.
The very name “Stable Value” lulls everyone — participants and fiduciaries, alike – into a false sense of security. These are highly technical and complicated investment options that should be monitored, evaluated and negotiated by Stable Value experts.